Machiavelli wrote about how an effective ruler should behave: they should maintain order and stability, be feared but not hated. Focused much more on realism as artists learned how to use perspective He wrote the famous “oration on the dignity of man”, the manifesto of the renaissance. Humans are free to become whatever they want Focused much more on realism as artists learned how to use perspective

Petrarch Renaissance monarchies Renaissance art Castiglione

Renaissance monarchies The prince Secularism Renaissance art

Believed education should promote individual virtue and self sacrificing public service. Aka. Civic humanism New military technology meant only centralized government could afford to go to war. Monarchs became more powerful, nobility lost power. He wrote the famous “oration on the dignity of man”, the manifesto of the renaissance. Humans are free to become whatever they want Machiavelli wrote about how an effective ruler should behave: they should maintain order and stability, be feared but not hated.

Leonardo Bruni Poco della Mirandola Humanism The prince