English civl war causes
Divine right to rule, conflicts with parliament over money needed to put down rebellions, and conflict with puritans over religion. King Charles I married a catholic.
Allowed for new crop-rotation methods and improved European diets which increased life-spans
William of Orange
Before becoming king of England with Mary, he led the Calvinist revolt against Spain in the Netherlands in the 80 years war
Hugenots flee France
Hundreds of thousands fled, robbing France of its healthy merchant class
Rise of insurance
During the Industrial Revolution, insurance started to gain prevalence. Insurance for entrepreneurs gave them the confidence to invest a very large amount of money on industrializing
English Civil War (1642-1649)
Restoration period
Parliament restores the monarchy after the protectorate and appoints Charles 2nd.
putting-out system
War of the Spanish Succession (1701-1713)
A war fought over the Spanish throne. Louis XIV wanted it for his grandson and fought a war against the Dutch, English, and the Holy Roman who wanted to maintain the balance of power.
Jean Colbert's mercantilist policies
Absolutism
Mercantilism
An economic policy under which nations sought to increase their wealth and power by obtaining large amounts of gold and silver and by selling more goods than they bought
Agriculture Revolution (1600s-1800s)
80 Years War (1568-1648)
Between king Phillip ||| of Spain and 17 provinces of Netherlands , provinces won the war. Was fought over Spanish control of Dutch wealth and tolerance of Protestantism
Jethro Tull's seed drill
Made sure seeds were planted at exact intervals and made sure they were covered with dirt
Partition of Poland
Weak constitutional monarchy of Poland, was split between Austria, Prussia, and Russia worked together to divide Poland. Did this to maintain the balance of power between each other
spinning machine powered by water wheel, invented by Richard Arkwright
Divine Right of Kings
consumer culture
Lower prices thanks to Industrial Revolution, agricultural Revolution, and the slave trade made many new things affordable for middle class Europeans, who started buying more stuff
Balance of Power
After the peace of Westphalia, wars were fought to maintain the balance of power instead of over religion
What did the Palace of Versailles do?
King Louis the 14th relocated many nobles to his palace at Versailles where he could keep an eye on them and demand their loyalty.
English Bill of Rights (1689)
Peace of Utrecht (1713)
The pact concluding the War of the Spanish Succession, forbidding the union of France with Spain. Maintained the balance of power in Europe.
End of the English civl war
Triangle Trade
a trade route that exchanged goods between the West Indies, the American colonies, and West Africa
Parliaments army in the English civl war led by Oliver Cromwell
The protectorate
Held on to power at all costs and didn't give people the rights he had promised them
Puritans
A religious group who wanted to purify the Church of England.
Required nobles to serve in the army. Created the table of ranks that ensured experts ended up on top
