Soviet union new economic policyPeasant farmers were no longer required to send their produce to the state and could sell it on the open market. Lenin permitted private ownership of small businesses. Lenin cut corners and didn't follow the original plan for the communist government.
Frozen!
Frozen!
Boost!
Boost!
February revolutionFactory workers, many of whom were women, protested the cost of food like bread.
Russian civil warThe aristocracy wasn't happy about a peasant revolution. Collaborated with western countries to fight the bolsheviks with a massive army. Communists organized the army and used nationalistic sentiment to drive the western countries out. Russia becomes the Soviet Union.
Assasination of Franz Ferdinand in 1914
Stalemate is brokenThe U.S enters the war and it's massive industrial capacity and the british invention of tanks tipped the balance of power against germany and the triple alliance.
The spanish army opposed the popular front. A general named Francisco Franco led a violent uprising against the popular front. Which led to a civil war. Represented a kind of testing ground for WWII, while Hitler and Mussolini supported Franco, western democracies did little to help the popular front.
Boost!
Boost!
French popular frontA coalition of left-wing parties whose main objective was preventing the rise of communism or fascism in france
Miles of trenches were dug and fortified with barbed wire, and when one side decided to launch an offensive, they would charge out of their trenche, get mowed down by machine gun fire, and then retreat. Led to stalemates
Treaty of versailles
A system of government characterized by extreme paternalistic, militaristic nationalism in which the interests of the people are subordinated to the interests of the state and its leader. Was appealing because of all the post-war crisis
Russian revolution
Tzar NicholasUpset at all the chaos from the February revolution while he was busy in world war I, ordered his troops to put down the protests. Instead, his troops joined them and the tzar lost control of the Military.
Russia, in defense of it's slavic ally, mobilized its forces against Austria-Hungary. Austria-Hungary, seeing an opportunity to weaken Bosnian influence in the Balkans decided to intervene. They called on Germany to assist them. This drags the rest of the alliance system into the conflict.
Appeasement
Vladamir Lenin published which outlined the steps to revolution.
Peace, land, and bread
Worker control of production
All power to the soviets
Black/Brown shirtsMussolini & Hitler's secret police that made dissent a fearful prospect
2 world wars, nuclear bombs, and scientific advancements that shattered accepted beliefs made everyone nervous.
Militarism: armies were growing quickly thanks to mass conscription
Aliances: Triple alliance and triple entente. Both sides are becoming suspisous and antagonistic of one another
Imperialism: New tension over who gets which colonies
Nationalism: Military leaders began to think that war was an acceptable way of bringing glory to their state
Machine guns, Chemical weapons, and other brutal new technologies led to trench warfare.
Women's rights during warWomen joined the military and supported the war effort, this directly led to women gaining the right to vote about 30 years later.
Easter rebellion
Bolshevik troops storm the winter palaceThey stormed the provisional government's headquarters and now the communists are now in control of Russia
Mandate systemEntente alliance promised the middle east independence after the war. However "they thought they weren't ready for independence" and they wanted oil, so they kept running them anyway
Germany, Italy, and later Japan formed an alliance and became known as the Axis Powers. Western democracies viewed this as an existential threat
Fascism grows in eastern europe
Benito MussoliniFirst to use the word Fascism to characterize the system of government he claimed would solve all of italy's problems. Used modern technology to spread his propaganda to all Italians.
When all of the resources of a state, from the state level to the average people are leveraged to fight a war.
Five year plan
The economic and political turmoil sent spain into a tailspin. Their parliamentary democracy collapsed
and the popular front took control. Represented the interests of workers and communists.
Pan-SlavismA growing nationalistic fever in which all of the slavic nations felt they ought to be under the one leadership of Russia. Helps explain why Russia got involved when Austria declares war on Serbia
Tzar Nicholas
Frozen!
Frozen!
Boost!
Boost!
New military technologyMachine guns, Chemical weapons, and other brutal new technologies led to trench warfare.
Russian revolutionIn Russia, world war I exacerbated long-term problems of political stagnation, social inequality, incomplete industrialization, and food and land distribution, which altogether had the effect of engendering widespread support for revolutionary change.
Bolshevik troops storm the winter palaceThey stormed the provisional government's headquarters and now the communists are now in control of Russia
Spanish popular frontThe economic and political turmoil sent spain into a tailspin. Their parliamentary democracy collapsed
and the popular front took control. Represented the interests of workers and communists.
Russia, in defense of it's slavic ally, mobilized its forces against Austria-Hungary. Austria-Hungary, seeing an opportunity to weaken Bosnian influence in the Balkans decided to intervene. They called on Germany to assist them. This drags the rest of the alliance system into the conflict.
First to use the word Fascism to characterize the system of government he claimed would solve all of italy's problems. Used modern technology to spread his propaganda to all Italians.
Age of anxiety
Pan-SlavismA growing nationalistic fever in which all of the slavic nations felt they ought to be under the one leadership of Russia. Helps explain why Russia got involved when Austria declares war on Serbia
Treaty of versailles
Black/Brown shirtsMussolini & Hitler's secret police that made dissent a fearful prospect
Russian civil warThe aristocracy wasn't happy about a peasant revolution. Collaborated with western countries to fight the bolsheviks with a massive army. Communists organized the army and used nationalistic sentiment to drive the western countries out. Russia becomes the Soviet Union.
Mandate system
Great depression causesWar debt: European countries had no money and were forced to borrow from the United States.
Nationalistic tariff policies
Overproduction: When the war ended, demand for military goods dropped significantly
Financial speculation
U.S stock market collapsed.
April thesesVladamir Lenin published which outlined the steps to revolution.
Peace, land, and bread
Worker control of production
All power to the soviets
Women's rights during war
Easter rebellionIreland wanted to be independent from britain. Although Britian had passed a home-rule bill, they put it on pause during the war. Ireland thought they were backtracking and so on easter sunday in 1916, Irish rebels began fighting british soldiers, who eventually put the rebellion down.
Militarism: armies were growing quickly thanks to mass conscription
Aliances: Triple alliance and triple entente. Both sides are becoming suspisous and antagonistic of one another
Imperialism: New tension over who gets which colonies
Nationalism: Military leaders began to think that war was an acceptable way of bringing glory to their state
FascismA system of government characterized by extreme paternalistic, militaristic nationalism in which the interests of the people are subordinated to the interests of the state and its leader. Was appealing because of all the post-war crisis
Trench warfare
Total warWhen all of the resources of a state, from the state level to the average people are leveraged to fight a war.
February revolutionFactory workers, many of whom were women, protested the cost of food like bread.
Spanish civil warThe spanish army opposed the popular front. A general named Francisco Franco led a violent uprising against the popular front. Which led to a civil war. Represented a kind of testing ground for WWII, while Hitler and Mussolini supported Franco, western democracies did little to help the popular front.
Boost!
Boost!
Assasination of Franz Ferdinand in 1914As he and his wife were being paraded around Bosnia, a Serbian nationalist shot him. Austria gave the serbian government an ultimatum, which would require taking responsibility for the assassination. Since they refused to do that, austria declares war on Serbia
The U.S enters the war and it's massive industrial capacity and the british invention of tanks tipped the balance of power against germany and the triple alliance.
A coalition of left-wing parties whose main objective was preventing the rise of communism or fascism in france
The treaty of Versailles established many new parliamentary democracies like Poland and yugoslavia, which struggled during the problems of the inter-war period. Fascist leaders gained power because people wanted a strong leader to solve all their problems.
Five year plan
Pact of steelGermany, Italy, and later Japan formed an alliance and became known as the Axis Powers. Western democracies viewed this as an existential threat
Soviet union new economic policyPeasant farmers were no longer required to send their produce to the state and could sell it on the open market. Lenin permitted private ownership of small businesses. Lenin cut corners and didn't follow the original plan for the communist government.